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Mariam drives Sonia to Ramallah in the West Bank. During the drive, Mariam tells Sonia that Mariam’s cousin, Wael Hejazi, is a popular singer who will be playing the role of Hamlet. He doesn’t have acting experience, but he can “draw in the crowds” (74). They arrive at the theatre in Ramallah, where Sonia meets the rest of the cast. After the read-through, they go to a café and discuss what the play means. They discuss how it relates to the circumstances in Palestine, although Sonia objects when one of the cast members, George, suggests that Gertrude, Hamlet’s mother, is like Palestine because Claudius, Hamlet’s uncle, “raped” her. Afterward, Wael admits to Sonia that he doesn’t know who he is; he copies other people like an actor.
Ibrahim, Mariam, and Sonia go to Mariam’s house, where they will be staying. On the way, Mariam points out a hardware store where she and her husband got stuck during an Israeli bombing campaign during the Second Intifada (2000-2005). They get to Mariam’s house, where Sonia meets Mariam’s young son, Emil. Later, Mariam tells Sonia she wants Sonia to read the parts of both Ophelia, Hamlet’s love, and Gertrude. Sonia agrees to it. After Mariam goes to bed, Sonia makes a pass at Ibrahim, and he rejects her. Embarrassed, Sonia goes to bed.
Each of the cast members, Majed, Amin, George, Ibrahim, Faris, and Wael, are listed with their descriptions like they are characters in a play. Then there is a description of the rehearsal written in script mode, e.g., “IBRAHIM shakes his head. MARIAM: (Addressing everyone) You shouldn’t be afraid of Shakespeare” (102). The actors get to know each other while they wait for Majed, who is late due to traffic at the checkpoint.
The novel continues in conventional first-person narration. The electricity cuts out soon after the cast begins the read-through. While the power is out, Sonia feels someone close behind her in the theater and thinks it must be Ibrahim. They continue the rehearsal in Mariam’s garden. Wael struggles with the part of Hamlet.
Sonia reflects on her first role in the theatre. She played Pierrot in a student production of Pierrot Assassin de Sa Femme (1882) by Paul Margueritte in Britain. She had been trained as a dancer, which made her ideal for the silent, physical role. During the run, she bonded closely with her castmates. She told them the story of Rashid; she shamefully wanted her experience of going to the West Bank to impress the others. Her parents and sister came to see her perform. Onstage, Sonia had a sudden feeling of self-consciousness about performing. After the cast party, Sonia went home with Aidan, a student who played the undertaker in the play.
Sonia goes to see her Uncle Jad and Aunt Rima on the outskirts of Ramallah. She feels anxious about seeing them. Uncle Jad tells her he had a health scare that led him to reconnect with Sonia’s father, Nabil, whom she calls “Baba.” They eat lunch together, and Sonia babbles anxiously. Uncle Jad describes Nabil as “noble” for his work with the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) as a youth. Watching her aunt and uncle’s closeness at the kitchen table, Sonia thinks about her ex-husband, Marco. They had never come to Palestine together. Sonia tells her aunt and uncle about the production of Hamlet. They are excited when they hear Wael will be playing the role of Hamlet. When she leaves, Uncle Jad comments nostalgically on how Sonia had always been independent and calls her “little dancer.”
Sonia recalls when she got pregnant for the first time at 19. She had begun casually dating Aidan. When she realized she was pregnant, she got an abortion. Afterward, she avoided Aidan until he confronted her for being a coward and cutting him off. Finally, she told him in a bar, and he was upset.
Later, while at drama school in London, Sonia met Marco. They got married at 28, and she got pregnant a year later. Marco came from a wealthy family and worked as a film and theater reviewer. When at lunch to tell her father the news, Sonia felt a pain in her stomach. They went to the hospital and learned that Sonia had a “uterine septum” that required they induce a pregnancy loss. The next afternoon, Sonia had a matinee performance as Solange in The Maids (1947) by Jean Genet. The erotic, dramatic role wore her out but also kept her from “falling off a cliff” (127). After the lost pregnancy, Sonia and Marco drifted apart.
After leaving her aunt and uncle’s house, Sonia goes to the market, where she trips on a vendor’s display and scrapes her knees and hands. Later, Mariam asks her to babysit Emil for a little while. Sonia reads to Emil the story of Athena’s birth from the head of Zeus from Greek Myths. Mariam returns and tells her that Israeli security forces detained Salim and then released him from custody after they held him for a few hours without questioning.
While Emil watches television, Mariam tells Sonia that Emil’s father lives in Hebron; they had broken up because “he had no dream” (136). Sonia tells Mariam the last time she had been to the West Bank was over a decade ago to see Rashid. Mariam tells Sonia Rashid died and that it had inspired Haneen’s academic career. Sonia is shocked to learn this.
Over dinner, Mariam and Sonia talk about the play. They joke about the stereotypically common interpretations of works like Hamlet as narratives of Palestinian resistance to the Israeli occupation. Mariam is frustrated with the typical symbols of Palestine, like olive trees and keffiyehs (Palestinian scarves). When Sonia jokingly suggests they play Ophelia as a suicide bomber, Mariam tells her seriously that “someone already did a version like that quite recently” (139). Sonia agrees officially to be in the play.
While rehearsing Act II of Hamlet in Mariam’s garden, Ibrahim tells Sonia he is glad she has officially decided to join their production. Later, Sonia calls Haneen and asks her why there is so much tension between Uncle Jad and his brother, their father. Haneen tells Sonia that when their father was 22 at university in Beirut, he had met a resistance fighter named Maher. In 1969, Maher was part of an operation setting an oil pipeline in Haifa on fire. After returning to Beirut, a sniper killed Maher while he was with Nabil. Nabil took Maher’s body back to Maher’s mother in the refugee camp and spent the rest of the year there with her before leaving for Paris. Haneen says that, in contrast, Uncle Jad only became politicized in his fifties.
News has spread that Salim’s suspension was due to his support for arts funding, which involved coordination with the Palestinian Authority and therefore amounted to treason. The cast members largely take it in stride, although the men become more jumpy and paranoid. Wael continues to struggle with the difficult role of Hamlet until Mariam has him play the role of an Israeli soldier at a checkpoint during an acting exercise. One night, Mariam and Sonia debate whether art can really contribute to political change. Mariam expresses doubts, but Sonia thinks Mariam doesn’t believe them.
On Friday, Mariam, Sonia, Ibrahim, and Wael drive from Ramallah to Haifa. At the checkpoint, the Israeli soldiers make Wael get out of the car. Sonia is outraged and confronts one of the soldiers, who she realizes is from Leeds. She claims Wael is her son, and they have no right to detain him, to no avail. The soldiers detain Wael for about an hour. When he returns, he looks defeated and ashamed.
The narrative structure of Enter Ghosts in this section of the novel includes Sonia’s reminiscences, memories, and conversations with others about the past. This shifting timeline creates a sense of nonlinear or circular time. Sonia’s conversations also illustrate the limits of her knowledge as people reveal things to her about her family that she never knew about or questioned. The author illustrates this dynamic in Sonia’s conversation with Haneen about the tension between their father, Nabil, and their Uncle Jad. When Sonia asks about it, she learns that their father had been very active in the Palestinian resistance when he was younger and that Uncle Jad hadn’t been engaged until he was in his fifties. These different approaches and engagement with the conflict at different times drove a wedge between them. The novel implies that Nabil burned out after his youthful engagement, and he found his brother’s late-in-life activism too little too late. This tension continues to thematically develop the author’s exploration of Palestinian Identity and Resistance.
Sonia and Haneen’s relationship mirrors Nabil and Uncle Jad’s dynamic. Haneen has been engaged with the Israel-Palestine conflict since their visit to see Rashid in the West Bank when Sonia was 15, whereas Sonia distanced herself from the issue. At the time of Sonia’s visit, Haneen is beginning to burn out from her engagement with the ongoing conflict, while Sonia is beginning to get more involved. Relatedly, Nabil and Sonia live in London, whereas Haneen and Uncle Jad live in Israel-Palestine. Like Nabil and Uncle Jad, these different, dynamic orientations have led to some alienation from one another. However, unlike the brothers, Haneen and Sonia are beginning to repair their relationship and understand one another. This suggests that although cycles repeat in relationships and the Israel-Palestine conflict, sometimes marginal changes are possible. The nonchronological narrative structure reflects this complex dialectic.
In Chapter 6, the clues allude to Dawud/Yunes as one of the ghosts in the story, further developing it as a motif. While the power is out, Sonia feels someone near her in the theater. When someone puts their phone flashlight on, she looks behind her and sees no one there. Sonia reflects, “The thought that some other person, some unknown man, had come up close like that in the dark, shivered through me” (105-06). To find out why the power went out, Mariam looks for Dawud, who works for the theater. The text notes Mariam “finally” found him, which implies it took her some time. The novel later reveals Dawud is a spy for the Israeli authorities. The conclusion that Sonia comes to is that he was the person behind her in the theater. Dawud/Yunes is also a ghost in Haneen’s life as he is hiding out, like a ghost, in her university building. The novel also later suggests that there is a collaborator on campus informing on student organizing activities. As a result, the text poses the possibility of Dawud/Yunes as a metaphorical ghost haunting both locales and responsible for both instances of spying on the Palestinian resistance movement.
This section of the novel contains explicit discussions about The Relationship Between Theater and Politics, which connects to Palestinian Identity and Resistance. In Chapter 5, the actors discuss the play’s plot and how it relates to the Palestinian cause. Ibrahim, for example, suggests Hamlet is a “martyr.” Community members often refer to Palestinians who die in the conflict as “martyrs,” even if they are not combatants. Wael connects Hamlet’s martyrdom with “national liberation.” George later posits that Gertrude, Hamlet’s mother, “symbolise[s] Palestine” because Claudius “raped” her. Sonia is dissatisfied with this interpretation, as she views it too pat and straightforward. Sonia’s point of view on stereotypes like these often found in Palestinian political art becomes clearer at the end of Chapter 8 when she comments to Mariam that “you’ll be fine as long as you don’t make Majed wear a keffiyeh and sunglasses, and speak with a stutter” (139). Mariam agrees with Sonia, saying, “I’m just so bored by it all. The symbols” (139). Despite her rejection of stereotypical “grand metaphors” for the Palestinian struggle, Sonia thinks, “Mariam believed more sincerely than most London theatre practitioners I know in a real conduit between art and politics” (149-50). Sonia comes to agree with this view, even as she recognizes that theater alone is insufficient as a political action.
This section also alludes to The Maids by Jean Genet, as Sonia played Solange. Genet is a playwright whose controversial plays engaged with political questions not through direct commentary but through an embodiment of complex political realities. His works do not use slogans but rather explore politics as a power relationship between communities and individuals and the past and the present, represented through language and action taking place in historical contexts (Maïsetti, Arnaud. “De Jean Genet à Bernard-Marie Koltès: des politiques blessées, in Théâtre et politique: Les Alternatives de l’engagement.” Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2019, pp. 205-219). The author references The Maids to emphasize art’s relationship to politics, which comes through both in the production of Hamlet and in Enter Ghost itself.
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