49 pages • 1 hour read
Graeme Macrae BurnetA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Summary
Chapter Summaries & Analyses
Preface-Statements
The Account of Roderick Macrae, Pages 15-37
The Account of Roderick Macrae, Pages 37-59
The Account of Roderick Macrae, Pages 59-83
The Account of Roderick Macrae, Pages 83-96
The Account of Roderick Macrae, Pages 96-112
The Account of Roderick Macrae, Pages 112-126
The Account of Roderick Macrae, Pages 126-133 and Medical Reports
Extract from Travels in the Border-Lands of Lunacy by J. Bruce Thomson
The Trial, First and Second Day
The Trial, Third Day-Epilogue
Character Analysis
Themes
Symbols & Motifs
Important Quotes
Essay Topics
Tools
For the third day of the trial, Sinclair calls his only witness to the stand: James Bruce Thomson. Thomson describes his credentials and the so-called “hereditary criminal class” (223), which he believes to be genetically predisposed to criminality. He then moves on to the specifics of the case, beginning with his examination of Roderick at Inverness and his journey to Culduie. However, he shocks Sinclair—and the rest of the courtroom—by testifying that he does not believe that Roderick belongs to a genetic class of criminals.
Sinclair attempts to gain control of the exchange, prompting Thomson to testify that one can be legally insane without exhibiting obvious outward signs of madness. He explains that someone can be morally insane, or in possession of their senses yet nevertheless unable to stop themselves from committing crimes and misdeeds—meaning that Roderick’s own statement doesn’t necessarily preclude him from suffering from this condition. Sinclair asks Thomson whether he believes Roderick suffers from moral insanity, and Thomson replies that he believes Roderick’s actions could indicate such a condition if his version of events could be accepted as true.
Leaving Sinclair shocked once more, Thomson proceeds to propose an alternate explanation of Roderick’s crimes. Thomson argues, based on Roderick’s own inconsistencies in describing the murders, that Flora was the primary target of the attack and that Roderick killed Donnie and Lachlan because they interrupted his attack on Flora. He goes on to argue that the fact that Roderick has been hesitant to answer questions regarding Flora’s sexual injuries is proof that he is not morally insane and is acting consciously in dissembling the truth of his crimes.
Thomson is excused from the stand, and the Crown makes its closing argument, stating that while Sinclair wants the jury to believe that Roderick is “an imbecile, given to talking to himself and hearing voices in his head” (231), the murder of Lachlan Mackenzie can be easily explained as an act of revenge against his harassment of the Macrae family. The Crown concludes that Roderick is sane, and that this should be self-evident from Roderick’s closing statement.
In the defense’s closing statement, Sinclair argues that the jury should be mindful of the testimony of those who knew Roderick—highlighting the portions of witness testimony that characterized him as eccentric, wicked, and slow-witted. He argues that Roderick’s crimes can only be explained by his moral insanity: “he did not believe—he does not believe—he had done anything wrong” (233). Sinclair goes on to refute Thomson’s testimony, arguing that the brutality of Roderick’s crimes makes it impossible to refute his departure from reason.
The Lord Justice-Clerk entreats the jury to act according to their best judgment, advising them to weigh the evidence and testimony they have been presented, before charging them with retiring to reach their verdict.
The gallery remains packed as the jury deliberates, while the press retires to a nearby pub to drink and discuss the trial. A couple of hours later the jury announces they have been unable to reach a verdict, and it is decided that court will reconvene the following day.
The next morning the jury returns with a guilty verdict for all three counts of murder. The verdict is signed by the judge, who sentences Roderick to death by hanging.
Burnet recounts the aftermath of the trial, including Sinclair’s attempts to have Roderick’s memoir published as a means of garnering public support for his client’s case, which he hopes will lead to the Crown commuting Roderick’s sentence. However, various publishers interfere with the memoir, highlighting its most sensational parts and embellishing gruesome details.
Although his petition to commute Roderick’s sentence is unsuccessful, Sinclair remains committed to Roderick and visits him every day up until his execution. Roderick writes a letter to his father, apologizing for causing him trouble. However, the letter never reaches John, who dies in his sleep only two days before Roderick’s execution. Sinclair attends Roderick’s hanging, which the doctor’s report states “was conducted in an exemplary fashion, and no undue suffering was caused to the prisoner” (247).
The third day of the trial is by far the most consequential, as Sinclair chooses to rest his entire defense upon Thomson’s testimony only to be undermined by his own star witness. While this turn of events is important on its face, it is also worth considering how the legal proceeding of Roderick’s trial serves to mediate Thomson’s and Roderick’s memoirs. As discussed previously, both accounts provide important clues that they are not to be taken on their face. Roderick’s account excludes several important details (especially around sexuality), and Thomson goes to extravagant lengths to paint himself as morally superior, better educated, and generally more astute than everyone he describes in his memoir, which communicates that he is not to be trusted as a wholly objective observer of events.
At Roderick’s trial Thomson presents a compelling alternate explanation of events that, as he argues, “accords more accurately with the physical evidence of the case” (230). Certainly, it addresses a clear gap in the Crown’s case, which fails to satisfactorily account for the wounds that the examiner discovered on Flora’s pubic area. However, because Burnet has shown that Thomson is prone to self-aggrandizing, it is impossible to weigh the value of his theory, which could either be a measured evaluation of the evidence or a conjecture borne out of Thomson’s desire to show off and—as his memoir proves he enjoys doing—humiliate Andrew Sinclair. This is a fitting climax, as Burnet invites the reader to act as a surrogate jury capable of evaluating the first-person accounts of Roderick and Thomson as well as the evidence put forth during the trial while reflecting on the shortcomings of all three.
The epilogue provides a final instance of Burnet calling the veracity of Roderick’s account into question in the description of Sinclair’s attempts to publish Roderick’s memoir. Burnet notes that the publisher entrusted with the manuscript instead published a condensed version featuring the most sensational parts of Roderick’s account, and that this was followed by “scores of other, greatly bastardised, versions,” and that the “most notorious of these was entitled HIS BLOODY PROJECT: the RAVINGS of a MURDERER” (245), which features wholly fabricated scenes of violence and depravity. Here, at the very end of the novel, Burnet explains that the text is named after an unreliable, highly manipulated account of Roderick’s crimes. Combined with the dubious history of the publishing of Roderick’s account, this acts as a final clue that the reader should not take anything presented in the book as the sole, objective truth of the matter.
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