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116 pages 3 hours read

Margaret Atwood

The Testaments

Margaret AtwoodFiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2019

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Part 13Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 13: “Secateurs”

Chapter 34 Summary: “The Ardua Hall Holograph”

Aunt Lydia has had a surprise from the surveillance cameras that she installed in her statue. At first, the tapes show nothing but Wives of Commanders leaving black market lemons by her statue as they pray for fertility. Then, she discovers that Aunt Vidala is the one leaving eggs and oranges, not Aunt Elizabeth. Aunt Vidala also drops a handkerchief embroidered with lilacs nearby, like the ones Aunt Lydia carries. Aunt Lydia now has evidence that Aunt Vidala, after having denounced Aunt Elizabeth, is attempting to incriminate Aunt Lydia. She happily files the tapes away for future use.

Aunt Lydia considers how to go about dividing and conquering her fellow Founders. She will tell Aunt Elizabeth that Aunt Vidala plots against her and wonders whether to involve Aunt Helena as well. She decides to tell Commander Judd that Baby Nicole has been located and that she may return to Gilead. Aunt Lydia will do this carefully, saying that he must trust her judgement as this is performed delicately, and without the meddling of “heavy-handed men” (211).

Aunt Lydia recalls an event from nine years prior. Aunt Lise enters Aunt Lydia’s office nervously and reports that there was another suicide attempt by a student at the Premarital Preparatory school. The girl, Becka, says she will make another attempt if they don’t call her wedding off. Aunt Lise reluctantly admits that the girl is afraid of penises. She hopes that Aunt Lydia may accept the girl as a Supplicant. Aunt Lydia confirms that the girl is intelligent and can learn to read and write and says that they will accept her on probation. Aunt Lise is relieved, saying that it would have been a shame to lose the girl.

Therefore, Aunt Lydia becomes involved with Becka’s case from the beginning of her stay at Ardua Hall. During their first meeting, Aunt Lydia tells Becka that her acceptance is not an entitlement or a reward for her suicide attempt. Becka accepts Aunt Lydia’s conditions that she apply herself to her studies and chores and that she prays for guidance. If she performs well and completes her Pearl Girl mission many years in the future, Becka may become an Aunt. Becka is grateful and thanks Aunt Lydia for saving her. Aunt Lydia asks if something happened in the past to make her so fearful, but Becka says she does not want to talk about it. Aunt Lydia assures her the man will be punished in time.

Part 13 Analysis

In this chapter, Aunt Lydia provides more insights into life in Ardua Hall. As previously noted, there is a constant power struggle among the Founder Aunts, with incessant scheming behind a facade of piety and sisterhood. Suspecting that Aunt Elizabeth is plotting against her, Aunt Lydia sets a surveillance trap. In the pit of vipers that is the world of the Aunts, if someone is going to go down, Aunt Lydia is determined that it will not be her. She must remain vigilant: as the de facto leader of Ardua Hall, Aunt Lydia is the prime candidate for acts of treachery.

Aunt Lydia finds gratification in the mental exercise of deciding how to remain in power. She was always the “smart” girl and she enjoys continuing to outsmart her foes. As she thinks about informing Aunt Elizabeth that Aunt Vidala has betrayed her, Aunt Lydia considers the implications of telling Aunt Helena about the plot as well. The machinations among the Founder Aunts is like a multi-level game of chess, and Aunt Lydia is constantly working to keep a few moves ahead of her opponents.

Aunt Lydia’s softer side shows in these chapters as well. She admits that she gave the soft-hearted, former professor of French literature, Aunt Lise, the job of teaching flower arrangements, as she wanted to suit the woman’s temperament. She empathizes with Becka, telling her that the man who harmed her will be punished one day. Lydia, in her position of power, can sometimes afford these lapses in Gilead’s societal norms. What a revelation this is for Becka, who has always been taught that women are at fault in all matters of sexual deviance. Likewise, Lydia thinks that her sex-disavowing curriculum is making the girls fearful, but she worries that if she were to soften the message, the girls might be prone to experimentation and end in a stoning. She walks a fine line of saving girls and oppressing them.

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