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Gina WilkinsonA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Author Gina Wilkinson was formerly a foreign correspondent who spent more than a year in Baghdad during Saddam Hussein’s rule. One of her close friends at the time was an informant for the mukhabarat, much like Huda, but Wilkinson says that neither Huda nor Ally are accurate representations of her friend or herself. In 2007, Wilkinson published her memoir, Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sky, which details the troubles she faced as a foreign correspondent.
When the Apricots Bloom is Gina Wilkinson’s second book and her first fiction novel. In her Author’s Note, Wilkinson explains that, while she shared some experiences similar to those that Ally, Huda, and Rania experience in the novel, Ally does not represent her, and Huda and Rania are not based entirely on any of her real-life friends. However, When the Apricots Bloom is nonetheless based on Wilkinson’s time in Baghdad in 2002 when she traveled with her husband, who was working with the humanitarian aid organization UNICEF. Like Ally, Wilkinson kept her status as a journalist hidden to avoid Iraq’s ban on foreign journalists.
In addition to sharing Ally’s profession, Wilkinson also had a close Iraqi friend who, like Huda, was an informant for the mukhabarat. Although Huda is not meant to be a specific recreation of this friend, Wilkinson experienced the same doubts and paranoia that Ally does in the novel, wondering to what extent her friendships were real and what information might be reported to her friend’s handlers. Thus, the tone of repression and danger that permeates the entirety of the novel is not entirely fictitious, for Wilkinson herself lost a friend, survived a sexual assault, and lost some faith in humanity during her time in Baghdad. Likewise, when Ally is harassed and threatened with sexual assault, and when the characters of the novel are either threatened by violence or become survivors of it, it is important to note that those experiences are drawn from actual events in Wilkinson’s life, even if the specific details and characters are fictitious.
In her Author’s Note, Wilkinson acknowledges the difficulties of her status as a white author who is writing primarily from perspectives of characters of color, but she emphasizes the importance of telling stories that focus on such perspectives. To further boost her own credibility as a viable source of realistic portrayals of these characters, Wilkinson also draws on her extensive travels in countries like Iraq, Sri Lanka, the United States, Thailand, Canada, and Brazil. The depth of her travels provides her with insights that delve beneath the surface-level culture of any given location, and her expertise as a foreign correspondent (a journalist that reports from and on different countries) also adds a sense of credibility to the novel. However, it is still valuable to note that Wilkinson writes from a foreigner’s perspective, not a native Iraqi’s, and this cultural disconnect complicates analyses of the characters’ perspectives in the novel by calling into question the validity of the underlying rationale for those characters’ decisions.
Iraq and its capital Baghdad both have an extensive history that predates their recorded beginnings in the sixth and eighth centuries, respectively. In When the Apricots Bloom, characters often refer to this historical time frame and much earlier eras, when the Middle East was known as the Fertile Crescent and hosted such ancient civilizations as Mesopotamia, Babylon, and Sumer. Iraq, like much of the Middle East, was absorbed into the Ottoman Empire and was later included in the mandates of the League of Nations following World War I. These mandates were essentially a form of neocolonialism in which European countries became supervisors or managers of the former territories of defeated nations in World War I. However, Iraq overthrew their monarchy in the 1950s and established a republic amid the proxy conflicts of the Cold War, in which the United States and the USSR fought for political dominance across the globe.
In the 1970s, Iraq, and Baghdad in particular, experienced a renewal of economic and social prosperity, largely due to the United States and the USSR’s demand for oil, which Iraq had (and still has) in abundance. Characters in the novel often refer to this time, especially in the context of the freedoms experienced by Bridget (Ally’s mother), Huda, and Rania as both children and young adults. Saddam Hussein became prime minister of Iraq in 1979, and conditions for citizens degraded as his Arab nationalist and socialist policies imposed tighter restrictions on the population. At the same time, sanctions from foreign powers, such as the United Nations and the United States, crippled Iraq’s economy, causing widespread poverty and desperation. From the 1980s to the early 2000s, conflicts occurred periodically, beginning with the Iran-Iraq war in the 1980s, followed by civil unrest, the Gulf War between the United States and Iraq in the early 1990s, and culminating after the events of the novel with the US-Iraq War that began in 2003. (The events in the novel, like Wilkinson’s own experiences in Baghdad, take place during the early 2000s.)
A key component to When the Apricots Bloom is the long transition from the freedom and prosperity of the 1970s to the oppression and fear of the early 2000s. Saddam Hussein’s government is known to have committed several atrocities, including war crimes and genocide, and Wilkinson’s portrayal of the constant fear of the mukhabarat is not understated. Images of her mother and her Iraqi friends spending evenings out on the town in somewhat revealing clothing reflect the real conditions of 1970s Baghdad, while in sharp contrast, locked doors and hushed voices accurately reflect life under Saddam Hussein 30 years later.
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