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64 pages 2 hours read

Kelly Barnhill

When Women Were Dragons

Kelly BarnhillFiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2022

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Chapters 21-25Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 21 Summary

Beatrice and Alex apologize to each other without addressing the source of the conflict head-on. They acknowledge that they only have each other and then celebrate their amends by going to the park. As Beatrice plays, Alex sees a flyer posted by the Wyvern Research Collective; it is illustrated with a picture of a dragon. She throws the flyer away and moves on. The events at the school from the day before have been reported as a gas explosion—nothing more. Alex thinks that maybe it’s easier to forget or pretend, as the rest of society does, that dragoning isn’t real.

Interstitial Document #10 Summary

Dr. Gantz confirms his involvement with the Wyvern Research Collective and his earlier work published in the pamphlet Marla gave to Alex called “Some Basic Science Facts about Dragons: A Physician’s Explanation.” He describes observing the dragoning of female Air Force pilots during World War II, sometimes while their planes were mid-flight. He then describes Edith and Marla, without direct reference to their relationship—and relates the aftermath of Edith’s transformation from Marla’s perspective. Dr. Gantz reports that his research was terminated by the government following these incidents, and the pilots were grounded for an extended period of time. Although Dr. Gantz published the pamphlet to convey that dragoning was both more common than realized and increasing in occurrence, his pamphlet was banned.

Chapter 22 Summary

School begins again, and Alex sends Beatrice to school with a letter of apology to remedy the incident of the dragon drawings and attempt to move forward. Mr. Alphonse, dissatisfied with the lack of participation from Mr. Green, isn’t pleased, but Alex dashes away so she can get to her own classes. Once she arrives, she sees she is registered for Calculus even though she took and tested out of a college-level course by working at the library with Mrs. Gyzinska. Sister Frances, who has disappeared, was Alex’s point of contact to get her curriculum approved, but since she is no longer at the school, Alex is forced to retake Calculus.

Once Beatrice and Alex get home, Beatrice plays with friends in the neighborhood, and Alex begins doing her homework. The phone rings, however, and her father calls to inform her that Mr. Alphonse stopped by their house—Alex’s old house—and blames Alex for the surprise visit. Through a heated conversation, Alex’s father tells her that he does not and will not support her decision to go to college and suggests that she get a job now instead of finishing high school. To further illustrate his disapproval, he sends a letter informing Alex that once she graduates, an accomplishment that he only supports in memory of her mother, he will no longer financially support her and Beatrice.

Interstitial Document #11 Summary

In an excerpt from “A Brief History of Dragoning,” Dr. Gantz recounts a story in which 25 literature scholars from Vassar college revisit the historical site of another dragoning incident: a place where multiple switchboard operators transformed en masse. At the site, the scholars create multiple drawings of dragons before disappearing completely. They are never heard from again, and no one knows why they engaged in these activities.

Chapter 23 Summary

Fliers begin appearing everywhere, advertising free clinics, treatment, and education about dragoning. Alex and girls at her school begin noticing and talking about the flyers despite their teachers’ and peers’ dismissive attitudes. Beatrice and Alex go to the library often as fall begins. On one occasion, as Beatrice does arts and crafts with Mr. Burrows, an assistant at the library, Alex studies. Mrs. Helen Gyzinska joins her and hands Alex a number of scholarship applications for college. Alex balks at this and tells Mrs. Gyzinska that she has no idea how she’ll handle both college and caring for Beatrice.

Mrs. Gyzinska promises to help in any way she can, as she has many resources and a long history in a variety of communities because of her philanthropy and her community connections as a librarian. She explains that she inherited quite a lot of money from her late husband, which she invested in the library. As Mrs. Gyzinska and Alex talk, the librarian brings up Marla, and Alex explodes with anger. Although she directs this anger at Mrs. Gyzinska, Alex registers that she is really angry at everything and everyone—at her mother for dying, at her father for abandoning her, and at Marla for abandoning everyone. Helen directly references dragons as Alex leaves, telling her that dragons don’t always leave forever. This causes Alex to snap in pure fury, though she does not remember what exactly she says, and Alex and Beatrice leave despite Beatrice’s protests.

Chapter 24 Summary

Alex again experiences the anger that ignited in her at the library and wonders about its source. She works to quell the anger but finds herself struggling to fight it. After they return home and Beatrice goes to bed, Alex walks after midnight toward a bog near the old paper mill. As she enjoys her solitude, she encounters another observer—Dr. Henry Gantz. He tells Alex to be quiet so as not to scare away what he is watching. Alex and Dr. Gantz exchange introductions and begin to talk about her recent encounter at the library, her parentage (or lack thereof), and his research. He then explains what he’s viewing in indirect terms, enough that Alex guesses that it might be a cow or a bird. Dr. Gantz does not humor her and seems irritated when she calls the creature a bird. She leaves and reflects later that if it was a bird, it was the largest bird she had ever seen.

Chapter 25 Summary

Alex details a trial in which five unnamed academics and a librarian named Mrs. Helen Gyzinska were subpoenaed by the House Un-American Activities Committee. The trial was meant to connect each defendant to Communism and was unsuccessful—but some of the academics were imprisoned and all were indefinitely expelled from their positions in academia. They were then hired by Mrs. Gyzinska at the same library. Mrs. Gyzinska herself, Alex writes, has left an impression on scientific conquest that is still being untangled.

Chapters 21-25 Analysis

Alex begins confronting the dysfunctional patterns she has grown up with—namely, the compulsion to suppress her own curiosity and feminine power. Powerfully influenced by a number of traumatic emotional experiences from a very young age, she has grown to feel that it is easier to forget such painful truths and keep her head down, all the while suffering the consequences of her suppressed inner fury—either physically, through the swelling in her chest or her flushed face, or socially, through the fury she directs outwardly at Mrs. Gyzinska. All of this anger is not a reaction to the event that seemingly triggers it, but rather to the collective damage of years of oppression from her society, her family, and even herself. Alex is embodying her mother’s attitudes more and more every day as she struggles to function as an actual mother to Beatrice, even attempting to stifle Beatrice’s own fascination with dragons. Faced with these growing pressures, she cannot keep her anger at these collective injustices unexpressed any longer, and so it explodes in misdirected ways—first at Beatrice over her drawings and then at Mrs. Gyzinska when she mentions Marla. The mention of Marla and of dragons brings Alex face to face with all that she has lost over the years—her childhood, her aunt, her mother, and her own personal freedom—and she hasn’t been allowed to process any of her grief and anguish, caught up in the compulsion to keep moving forward. Mrs. Gyzinska understands this and knows that Alex’s compulsion to stifle her anger and her true self will only hurt her in the end.

Alex’s unexpected encounter with Dr. Gantz also marks a moment in which she finally has the opportunity to engage with all that she is trying to hide and suppress. In this meeting, she sees a dragon for the first time since she was a young child. Yet unlike her younger, more innocent self, she obeys the compulsion of her years of social programming and actively ignores the reality of the creature before her, instead imagining other far-fetched possibilities for what it might be. In these two encounters, it is clear that both Dr. Gantz and Mrs. Gyzinska are advocating for Alex to embrace the truth of her inner desires and manifest them in her own life; it is equally clear that Alex is still consciously and unconsciously resisting this process. Dr. Gantz is especially invested in finding a way to spiritually free Alex, particularly given his own ties to Marla. Alex resists the influence of both scholars because to accept the implications of what they are showing her would mean accepting that she and Beatrice both have the potential to dragon. By extension, she would have to accept that Beatrice could very well choose to leave her. As these thoughts unfold within her, so too do the first hints of the desire to dragon, and like Bertha’s knots untying, she finds that this impulse within her becomes harder and harder to control. She states, “I had to fight my gaze from inching upward, as though it was somehow magnetized to the sky,” she writes, as the anger swirls around inside her (207). In Barnhill’s novel, rage, shame, and desire are all conductors for feminine power, and try as she might, Alex cannot always control the urge to move up and out of the bonds placed upon her by her family, her community, and herself.

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